Overview
Welcome to the UAP Common Extensions.
With this library we provide useful data structures and algorithms for common programmatic tasks in the C language. Using the build files, you can create a static and a shared lib containing all units, but you may also use the UCX sources in your project and compile specific units by yourself.
If you want to use this library, you can download and install the recent version. The source code is also available as Mercurial repository at our site and on Source Forge.
Authors
Mike Becker <universe@uap-core.de>
Olaf Wintermann <olaf.wintermann@gmail.com>
Other Resources
Changelog
Version 4.0.1 - 2026-02-08
fixes compilation errors when using a C++ compiler and a high warning level
fixes incorrect nonnull-attribute for various list.h functions
Version 4.0.0 - 2025-12-31
adds cx_system_page_size() to allocator.h
adds cx_compare_func2 function pointer that supports compare functions with custom data
adds a new (optional) capacity parameter to cxJsonCreateArr() and cxJsonObjPutArr()
adds cxJsonFromString(), cxJsonToString(), and cxJsonToPrettyString()
adds cxJsonClone()
adds cxJsonCompare()
adds cxMapCompare()
adds line continuation support to CxProperties / CxPropertiesConfig
adds cx_hash_key_as_string()
adds support for CxHashKey pointers in CX_HASH_KEY() and all map functions
adds CX_NULLSTR convenience macro
adds cx_strcast_m()
adds cx_strat()
adds cx_bstr() and cx_bstr_m()
adds cxBufferMaximumCapacity()
adds cxBufferAppendString()
adds CX_BUFFER_DO_NOT_FREE buffer flag
changes the parameter order of cxBufferInit() and cxBufferCreate()
changes cxBufferReserve() to allow reducing the capacity
changes cxBufferTerminate() to automatically shrink the buffer
changes cxBufferTerminate() so that position and size are equal after a successful operation
changes cxBufferPutString() to accept any kind of string that cx_strcast() supports
changes that multiple string.h functions now also automatically apply cx_strcast() where possible
changes the names of cxDefineDestructor() and cxDefineAdvancedDestructor() to cxSetDestructor() and cxSetdvancedDestructor()
changes the name of cxCollectionCompareFunc() to cxSetCompareFunc()
changes the entire low-level array-list API by making it much simpler
changes the tree API towards a more simple design
changes the members of CxJson and CxJsonValue
changes the return value of cxJsonObjIter() to CxMapIterator
changes CxTree structure so that it now inherits CX_COLLECTION_BASE
changes cxPropertiesLoad() to directly load properties from a file to a CxMap
changes cxFreeDefault() from a macro to a function so that it can be used as a simple destructor
fixes cxJsonWrite() incorrectly returning non-zero when strings needed to be escaped
fixes cxJsonNext() incorrectly returning CX_JSON_INCOMPLETE_DATA when the input ends with trailing spaces
fixes critical memory leak when using cxMapFree() on a kv-list that is using destructors
fixes critical use-after-free with keys stored in kv-lists
fixes that overwriting items with cxMapPut() in a kv-list did not work
fixes that cxReallocate(), cxReallocateArray(), cx_reallocate(), and cx_reallocatearray() were not returning zero after freeing the memory when passed a size of zero
fixes that cx_list_default_insert_array() has the wrong nonnull attribute when used for cxListEmplaceArray()
removes the CX_STR() macro and instead makes the cx_str() inlinable
removes the cx_str*_m() functions
removes the sort_members feature from CxJsonWriter
removes the source and sink API from properties.h
removes the flush feature from CxBuffer
removes the ability to remove elements from the iterators created with cxIterator() and cxIteratorPtr()
removes several unnecessary convenience functions
removes the complicated wrapping of pointer lists
removes cxIteratorRef()
Version 3.2.0 - 2025-11-30
adds cxMempoolTransfer() and cxMempoolTransferObject()
adds support for different destruction strategies in CxMempool
adds new key-value-based list implementation
adds support for integer keys to CxHashKey
adds support for comparing arbitrary strings without explicit call to cx_strcast()
adds clone, union, difference, and intersection functions for CxList and CxMap
adds cxListContains() and cxMapContains()
adds cxListReserve() and cxListShrink()
adds cxListSet()
adds cxListFirst() and cxListLast()
adds cxListRemoveAndGetFirst() and cxListRemoveAndGetLast(), and corresponding macro aliases cxListPopFront() and cxListPop()
adds cxListEmplace(), cxListEmplaceAt(), cxListEmplaceArray(), cxListEmplaceArrayAt(), and cxMapEmplace()
adds cxListInsertUnique() and cxListInsertUniqueArray()
adds cx_array_insert_unique() and various convenience macros
adds cx_linked_list_insert_unique() and cx_linked_list_insert_unique_chain()
adds cxCollectionCompareFunc() to conveniently set a compare function for a collection without needing to access the base struct manually
adds cxBufferShrink()
adds cxBufferPop()
adds cxTreeSize()
adds CX_PRIstr and CX_SFMT macros for formatting UCX strings
adds cx_strcpy() and cx_strcpy_a()
adds cxJsonArrRemove() and cxJsonObjRemove()
adds cxStdlibAllocator and allows changes of cxDefaultAllocator
improves performance of the CxList array list implementation
changes over-aggressively declaring functions as static inline
changes cx_str() and cx_mutstr() to allow NULL strings
changes cx_strcast() to also accept C-strings as input
changes grow strategy for the memory pool to reduce reallocations
changes grow strategy for CxBuffer, which does now take the page size into account
changes the implementation of cx_strreplacen() for improved efficiency
changes all cxListIterator() and cxMapIterator() families of functions to also accept NULL as argument
changes insert_element member function of CxList to accept NULL source and return a pointer to the inserted element
changes the compare function wrapper for pointer lists so that it no longer invokes the actual compare function for NULL pointers
changes struct cx_array_reallocator_s by replacing the four generic data members with two specifically named members
changes cx_array_reserve() so that it reserves exactly the requested capacity (i.e., without overallocation)
changes all other array functions to perform smart overallocation to avoid too many subsequent allocations
changes that binary search and infimum always report the largest index, and supremum always reports the smallest index when the found element appears more than once in the array
fixes critical memory overflow in the stack-based array reallocator (this unfortunately breaks the function signature)
fixes critical bug in cx_array_insert_sorted() that caused an infinite loop when inserting duplicates
fixes mempool implementation not supporting NULL as argument for realloc
fixes mempool implementation not supporting zero as size for realloc
fixes that the elem_count member of an iterator was not updated after removing an element flagged by cxIteratorFlagRemoval()
fixes that starting an iteration in a non-root node incorrectly continues iteration with the siblings of that node
fixes unnecessary allocations in cx_strcat() family of functions
fixes ineffective overflow check in cx_strcat() family of functions
fixes errno value after failing cxBufferSeek() to be consistently EINVAL
fixes implementation of cxBufferTerminate()
fixes that cxBufferWrite() could auto-extend the buffer beyond the configured threshold
fixes allocator arguments for some printf.h functions not being const
fixes that cx_tree_search() did not investigate subtrees with equally good distance
fixes that memory was freed by the wrong allocator in cx_vasprintf_a() when the underlying vsnprintf() failed
removes all functions that create mutating iterators in favor of making all iterators possibly mutating
removes the use of C23 attributes because they don't mix well with GNU attributes in GCC 15
Version 3.1.0 - 2025-02-11
adds properties.h
adds tree.h
adds json.h
adds locale-independent string to number conversion functions
adds reallocarray() like functions to allocator.h
adds cxIterator() to create iterators over raw C arrays
adds cxIteratorPtr() to create iterators over raw C pointer arrays
adds cx_array_reallocator() and cx_array_default_reallocator
adds several new array and list functions
adds cxBufferReset()
adds cxBufferAppend()
adds cxBufferEnableFlushing() and cxBufferFlush()
adds CX_BUFFER_COPY_ON_WRITE and CX_BUFFER_COPY_ON_EXTEND flags
adds cxBufferWriteFunc and cxBufferReadFunc function pointers (for convenience)
adds cx_cmp_ptr()
adds cx_vcmp_* family of functions
adds cx_sprintf() and several more variants
adds runtime constants to read out the actual SBO sizes
adds improved version of UCX 2 Test framework (now a self-contained header)
adds cx_nmemb() utility function to common.h
changes that CxMap returns own CxMapIterator to save memory in CxIterator
changes name of cxBasicMempoolCreate() to cxMempoolCreateSimple()
changes all functions, for which there is no dedicated xyz_a variant, to accept NULL as allocator argument (in which case a default allocator will be used)
changes the name of destroy functions that actually free the memory to better indicate their behavior
changes cx_strcat variants to allow handling of ENOMEM
changes cx_strcast() to also accept cxstring (and doing nothing in that case)
changes the behavior of cxBufferSeek() to allow offset zero for SEEK_END
moves cx_compare_func typedef to compare.h
moves cx_szmul() to common.h
moves stream copy functions to new streams.h
removes cx_strupper() and cx_strlower() because they only do the right thing in special cases
removes several *_m variants of functions in string.h in favor of automatic conversion
removes utils.h
removes flag_removal function from iterator
removes cxMapDetach() and makes cxMapRemoveAndGet() compatible with both map variants
removes the API for changing the store_pointer property of collections after their creation
removes CMake
removes GTest dependency
removes flags to disable SBO in tests
removes CX_LINKED_LIST_SWAP_SBO_SIZE (it's not really an optimization for linked lists)
fixes cx_strcmp() and cx_strcasecmp() not being useful for lexicographic ordering
fixes cx_hash_key_cxstr() evaluating the argument twice
fixes critical bug that produced wrong results when comparing lists of different type but same size
ends UCX 2.1 long term support
Version 3.0.0 - 2023-07-09
complete redesign from scratch
collections can now store copies of objects and not just pointers
collections are now dynamically implemented
users of the library can specify own implementations of collections that work with the UCX API
low level API for custom lists that do not use the UCX structures
various fixes and improvements
drops some other, rarely used, features
removes testing implementation from the lib
Version 2.1.0 - 2019-12-30
adds string replace functions
adds set operations for
UcxListandUcxMapadds
sstrcaseprefix()andsstrcasesuffix()improves Doxygen documentation in ucx/string.h
adds
UcxArraydata typeadds support for CMake builds, but main build system is still autotools
Version 2.0.0 - 2018-12-28
some uncritical bug fixes
overflow of
sstrnlennow returnsSIZE_MAXinstead of zeroadds
scstr_t- aconst char*variant for sstr_trenames utility compare functions
Version 1.1.0 - 2018-05-14
adds missing 32 bit support to integer overflow checks
adds
ucx_buffer_to_sstr()macroadds
ucx_avl_free_content()adds some more compare and distance functions in utils.h
adds
SFMT()andPRIsstrconvenience macrosdestructor functions for
*_free_content()functions are now optional
Version 1.0.1 - 2018-01-21
some bug fixes
adds integer overflow checks
Version 1.0.0 - 2017-10-28
first stable version of UCX released